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Java JDK1.8时间区间计算类Period和Duration

发布2020-09-29浏览1501次

详情内容

在Java项目中，时间格式化在很多时候都会用到。在JDK1.8之前我们都是通过自己封装的时间工具类来实现，在1.8之后我们可以使用它提供的Period和Duration来实现时间区间和转换计算。使用这两个工具，我们可以计算年、月、日、周、天、时、分、秒、纳秒等。

目录

传统封装Util工具

Period时间区间计算

Duration时间计算

传统封装Util工具

这种工具类在项目中非常普遍：

  1. package com.patrol.beans.util;
  2.  
  3. import java.text.ParseException;
  4. import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
  5. import java.util.Calendar;
  6. import java.util.Date;
  7.  
  8. /**
  9.  * 日期工具类
  10.  *
  11.  * @author PJL
  12.  */
  13. public class DateUtil {
  14.  
  15.     /**
  16.      * 格式化日期和时间
  17.      */
  18.     public static SimpleDateFormat sdfTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
  19.  
  20.     /**
  21.      * 格式化日期
  22.      */
  23.     public static SimpleDateFormat sdfDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
  24.  
  25.     /**
  26.      * 获取当前日期yyyy-MM-dd
  27.      *
  28.      * @return
  29.      */
  30.     public static String getDate() {
  31.         return sdfDate.format(new Date());
  32.     }
  33.  
  34.     /**
  35.      * 获取当前日期
  36.      *
  37.      * @return
  38.      */
  39.     public static String getCurrentDate() {
  40.         Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
  41.         int year = c.get(Calendar.YEAR);
  42.         int month = c.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
  43.         int day = c.get(Calendar.DATE);
  44.         return "" + year + "-" + month + "-" + day;
  45.     }
  46.  
  47.     /**
  48.      * 获取当前日期和时间
  49.      *
  50.      * @return
  51.      */
  52.     public static String getCurrentDateTime() {
  53.         Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
  54.         int year = c.get(Calendar.YEAR);
  55.         int month = c.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
  56.         int day = c.get(Calendar.DATE);
  57.         int hour = c.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
  58.         int minute = c.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
  59.         int second = c.get(Calendar.SECOND);
  60.         return "" + year + "-" + month + "-" + day + " " + hour + ":" + minute + ":" + second;
  61.     }
  62.  
  63.     /**
  64.      * 获取当前日期前若干天或者后若干天的日期
  65.      *
  66.      * @param dayCount ，天数，正数为之后，负数为之前
  67.      * @return
  68.      */
  69.     public static String getIntervalDay(int dayCount) {
  70.         //SimpleDateFormat dft = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
  71.         Date beginDate = new Date();
  72.         Calendar date = Calendar.getInstance();
  73.         date.setTime(beginDate);
  74.         date.set(Calendar.DATE, date.get(Calendar.DATE) + dayCount);
  75.         return sdfDate.format(date.getTime());
  76.     }
  77.  
  78.     /**
  79.      * 获取昨天的日期
  80.      *
  81.      * @return
  82.      */
  83.     public static String getYesterdayDate() {
  84.         return getIntervalDay(-1);
  85.     }
  86.  
  87.     /**
  88.      * 获取今天的日期
  89.      *
  90.      * @return
  91.      */
  92.     public static String getTodayDate() {
  93.         return getIntervalDay(0);
  94.     }
  95.  
  96.     /**
  97.      * 获取明天的日期
  98.      *
  99.      * @return
  100.      */
  101.     public static String getTomorrowDate() {
  102.         return getIntervalDay(1);
  103.     }
  104.  
  105.     /**
  106.      * 获取明天的时间LONG
  107.      *
  108.      * @return
  109.      */
  110.     public static Long getTomorrowTime() {
  111.         String tomorrowDate = DateUtil.getTomorrowDate();
  112.         return DateUtil.getSpecifiedDayTime(tomorrowDate);
  113.     }
  114.  
  115.     /**
  116.      * 获取日期时间
  117.      *
  118.      * @param dateTime
  119.      * @return
  120.      */
  121.     public static Long getLongTime(String dateTime) {
  122.         Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
  123.         Date date = null;
  124.         try {
  125.             date = sdfTime.parse(dateTime);
  126.         } catch (ParseException e) {
  127.             e.printStackTrace();
  128.         }
  129.         return date.getTime();
  130.     }
  131.  
  132.     /**
  133.      * 获得指定日期的前一天
  134.      *
  135.      * @param specifiedDay
  136.      * @return
  137.      * @throws Exception
  138.      */
  139.     public static String getSpecifiedDayBefore(String specifiedDay) {
  140.         // SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new
  141.         // SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
  142.         Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
  143.         Date date = null;
  144.         try {
  145.             date = sdfDate.parse(specifiedDay);
  146.         } catch (ParseException e) {
  147.             e.printStackTrace();
  148.         }
  149.         c.setTime(date);
  150.         int day = c.get(Calendar.DATE);
  151.         c.set(Calendar.DATE, day - 1);
  152.  
  153.         String dayBefore = sdfDate.format(c.getTime());
  154.         return dayBefore;
  155.     }
  156.  
  157.     /**
  158.      * 获得指定日期的后一天
  159.      *
  160.      * @param specifiedDay
  161.      * @return
  162.      */
  163.     public static String getSpecifiedDayAfter(String specifiedDay) {
  164.         Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
  165.         Date date = null;
  166.         try {
  167.             date = sdfDate.parse(specifiedDay);
  168.         } catch (ParseException e) {
  169.             e.printStackTrace();
  170.         }
  171.         c.setTime(date);
  172.         int day = c.get(Calendar.DATE);
  173.         c.set(Calendar.DATE, day + 1);
  174.  
  175.         String dayAfter = sdfDate.format(c.getTime());
  176.         return dayAfter;
  177.     }
  178.  
  179.     /**
  180.      * 获取指定日期的时间LONG类型
  181.      *
  182.      * @param specifiedDay
  183.      * @return
  184.      */
  185.     public static Long getSpecifiedDayTime(String specifiedDay) {
  186.         Date date = null;
  187.         try {
  188.             date = sdfDate.parse(specifiedDay);
  189.         } catch (ParseException e) {
  190.             e.printStackTrace();
  191.         }
  192.         return date.getTime();
  193.     }
  194.  
  195.     /**
  196.      * 获取时差日期和时间
  197.      *
  198.      * @param time 负数向前时间，正数向后时间
  199.      * @return
  200.      */
  201.     public static String getDateTime(Date date, long time) {
  202.         date.setTime(time);
  203.         return sdfTime.format(date);
  204.     }
  205.  
  206.     /**
  207.      * 增加或减少当前日期的毫秒数
  208.      *
  209.      * @param pastOrFutureTime 负数向前时间，正数向后时间
  210.      * @return
  211.      */
  212.     public static String getAddDateTime(long pastOrFutureTime) {
  213.         Date date = new Date();
  214.         pastOrFutureTime = date.getTime() + pastOrFutureTime;
  215.         date.setTime(pastOrFutureTime);
  216.         return sdfTime.format(date);
  217.     }
  218.  
  219.     /**
  220.      * 时间毫秒设置日期格式化
  221.      *
  222.      * @param time
  223.      * @return
  224.      */
  225.     public static String setDateTime(long time) {
  226.         Date date = new Date();
  227.         date.setTime(time);
  228.         return sdfTime.format(date);
  229.     }
  230. }

传统封装模式，对时间计算不够灵活，不能完全覆盖所有业务场景，需要的时候还得修改这个工具类。 

Period时间区间计算

创建Period有以下方式：

  • ZERO 空
  • between
  • of*

下面是一个Period Junit示例：

  1. package com.forestar.patrol;
  2.  
  3. import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
  4. import org.junit.Assert;
  5. import org.junit.Test;
  6. import java.time.LocalDate;
  7. import java.time.Period;
  8.  
  9. /**
  10.  * @Copyright: 2019-2021
  11.  * @FileName: PeriodTest.javaPJL
  12.  * @Author:
  13.  * @Date: 2020/9https://files.jxasp.com/image/29 8:37
  14.  * @Description: 时间差区间计算
  15.  */
  16. @Slf4j
  17. public class PeriodTest {
  18.  
  19.     /**
  20.      * 常用方法
  21.      */
  22.     @Test
  23.     public void test(){
  24.         log.info("method ============================test()");
  25.         LocalDate startDate = LocalDate.of(2020, 9, 20);
  26.         LocalDate endDate = LocalDate.of(2020, 12, 29);
  27.         log.info("yyyy-MM-dd = {}",(startDate.getYear()+"-"+startDate.getMonth().getValue()+"-"+startDate.getDayOfMonth()));
  28.         log.info("yyyy-MM-dd = {}",(endDate.getYear()+"-"+endDate.getMonth().getValue()+"-"+endDate.getDayOfMonth()));
  29.  
  30.         Period periodZero = Period.ZERO;
  31.         Period periodYMD = Period.of(20,3,1);
  32.         Period periodYear = Period.ofYears(1);
  33.         Period periodMonth = Period.ofMonths(2);
  34.         Period periodDay = Period.ofDays(2);
  35.         Period periodWeek = Period.ofWeeks(23);
  36.  
  37.         Period period = Period.between(startDate, endDate);
  38.  
  39.         log.info("isZero() = {}",period.isZero());
  40.         log.info("isNegative() = {}",period.isNegative());
  41.  
  42.         log.info("getYears() = {}",period.getYears());
  43.         log.info("getMonths() = {}",period.getMonths());
  44.         log.info("getDays() = {}",period.getDays());
  45.         log.info("getUnits() = {}",period.getUnits());
  46.         log.info("getChronology() = {}",period.getChronology());
  47.  
  48.         log.info("withYears(1) = {}",period.withYears(1));// P1Y9D
  49.         log.info("withMonths(1) = {}",period.withMonths(1));//P1M9D
  50.         log.info("withDays(1) = {}",period.withDays(1));//P1D
  51.  
  52.         log.info("toString() = {}",period.toString());
  53.     }
  54.  
  55.     /**
  56.      * 创建Period[注意周期不是具体的年月日而是差值]
  57.      */
  58.     @Test
  59.     public void createPeriod(){
  60.         log.info("method ============================createPeriod()");
  61.         Period fromCharYears = Period.parse("P2020Y");
  62.         Assert.assertEquals(2020, fromCharYears.getYears());
  63.         log.info("getYears() = {}",fromCharYears.getYears());
  64.  
  65.         Period fromCharUnits = Period.parse("P2020Y9M29D");
  66.         Assert.assertEquals(29, fromCharUnits.getDays());
  67.         log.info("getDays() = {}",fromCharUnits.getDays());
  68.     }
  69.  
  70.     /**
  71.      * 计算加减
  72.      */
  73.     @Test
  74.     public void calculate(){
  75.         log.info("method ============================calculate()");
  76.         Period period = Period.parse("P9M56D");
  77.         int days = period.plusDays(50).getDays();
  78.         log.info("getDays() = {}",days);
  79.         int months = period.minusMonths(2).getMonths();
  80.         log.info("getMonths() = {}",months);
  81.     }
  82. }

输出结果：

  1. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.026 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | method ============================calculate()
  2. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.084 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getDays() = 106
  3. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.090 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getMonths() = 7
  4. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.100 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | method ============================test()
  5. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.108 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | yyyy-MM-dd = 2020-9-20
  6. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.108 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | yyyy-MM-dd = 2020-12-29
  7. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.265 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | isZero() = false
  8. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.265 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | isNegative() = false
  9. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.265 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getYears() = 0
  10. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.265 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getMonths() = 3
  11. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.266 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getDays() = 9
  12. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.266 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getUnits() = [Years, Months, Days]
  13. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.280 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getChronology() = ISO
  14. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.280 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | withYears(1) = P1Y3M9D
  15. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.280 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | withMonths(1) = P1M9D
  16. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.280 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | withDays(1) = P3M1D
  17. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.281 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | toString() = P3M9D
  18. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.281 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | method ============================createPeriod()
  19. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.281 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getYears() = 2020
  20. 2020-09-29 09:35:45.282 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.PeriodTest | getDays() = 29

Duration时间计算

 使用Duration.of*(param)初始化一个Duration实例。

下面是一个Duration Junit测试示例：

  1. package com.forestar.patrol;
  2.  
  3. import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
  4. import org.junit.Test;
  5. import java.time.Duration;
  6.  
  7. /**
  8.  * @Copyright: 2019-2021
  9.  * @FileName: DurationTest.java
  10.  * @Author: PJL
  11.  * @Date: 2020/9https://files.jxasp.com/image/29 9:03
  12.  * @Description: 时间计算
  13.  */
  14. @Slf4j
  15. public class DurationTest {
  16.  
  17.     @Test
  18.     public void test(){
  19.         //86400是一天的秒计算量
  20.         Duration d = Duration.ofSeconds(86400);
  21.         log.info("getSeconds() = {}",d.getSeconds());
  22.         log.info("getNano() = {}",d.getNano());
  23.         log.info("getUnits() = {}",d.getUnits());
  24.         log.info("isNegative() = {}",d.isNegative());
  25.         log.info("isZero() = {}",d.isZero());
  26.         log.info("toDays() = {}",d.toDays());
  27.  
  28.         log.info("toHours() = {}",d.toHours());
  29.         log.info("toMinutes() = {}",d.toMinutes());
  30.         log.info("toNanos() = {}",d.toNanos());
  31.         log.info("toMillis() = {}",d.toMillis());
  32.         log.info("toString() = {}",d.toString());
  33.     }
  34. }

测试输出结果：

  1. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.650 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | getSeconds() = 86400
  2. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.730 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | getNano() = 0
  3. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.732 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | getUnits() = [Seconds, Nanos]
  4. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.732 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | isNegative() = false
  5. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.732 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | isZero() = false
  6. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.733 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | toDays() = 1
  7. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.733 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | toHours() = 24
  8. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.734 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | toMinutes() = 1440
  9. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.734 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | toNanos() = 86400000000000
  10. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.735 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | toMillis() = 86400000
  11. 2020-09-29 09:52:07.737 [main] INFO  com.forestar.patrol.DurationTest | toString() = PT24H

 JDK为我们提供了这样的功能，既然知道了就尽量使用吧。

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